At every step of technology progressing, some industries die and others are re-born from the ashes.

Here are some notable examples of industries that died or drastically declined, leading to the birth of entirely new industries:

1. Horse-Drawn Carriages → Automotive Industry

Death: The mass production of automobiles (thanks to Henry Ford's assembly line in 1913) led to the decline of the horse-drawn carriage industry.
Rebirth: The automobile industry created new sectors like auto manufacturing, road infrastructure, gas stations, and car insurance.
Ford – Revolutionized car manufacturing with the assembly line, making automobiles affordable.
General Motors – Innovated with different car brands for various market segments.
Tesla – Brought electric vehicles into the mainstream, reshaping the future of automotive.

2. Printed Newspapers → Digital Media & Content Creation

Death: The rise of the internet and social media led to the decline of traditional print newspapers and magazines.
Rebirth: Digital media, online journalism, social media content creation, and influencer marketing replaced print as dominant news and advertising platforms.
The New York Times – Transitioned from print to a digital-first subscription model.
BuzzFeed – Pioneered viral, social media-driven journalism.
Substack – Enabled independent writers to monetize their content through newsletters.

3. Blockbuster & Video Rental Stores → Streaming Services

Death: Video rental stores like Blockbuster collapsed due to the rise of digital distribution and on-demand content.
Rebirth: The streaming industry (Netflix, Disney+, YouTube) emerged, changing how media is consumed and monetized.
Netflix – Went from DVD rentals to pioneering the global streaming industry.
Hulu – Focused on ad-supported and exclusive streaming content.
Disney+ – Leveraged its vast content library to become a major streaming competitor.

4. CDs & MP3 Players → Streaming Music Services

Death: The iPod and MP3 era killed physical music sales, and even digital downloads saw a decline.
Rebirth: Music streaming platforms like Spotify and Apple Music transformed how people access and pay for music.
Spotify – Made streaming music the standard with a subscription model.
Apple Music – Built on iTunes’ foundation to offer a premium music streaming service.
YouTube Music – Integrated user-generated content with official music streaming.

5. Traditional Taxi Industry → Ridesharing Apps

Death: The taxi industry lost dominance due to inefficient pricing, poor service, and lack of technology.
Rebirth: Uber, Lyft, and other ride-hailing apps revolutionized personal transportation, creating a gig economy around driving.
Uber – Created the gig economy for transportation.
Lyft – Offered an alternative, user-friendly rideshare experience.
Didi Chuxing – Dominated ridesharing in China, acquiring Uber’s local operations.

6. Film Photography → Digital Photography & Smartphone Cameras

Death: Kodak and film-based cameras became obsolete with the rise of digital photography.
Rebirth: Digital cameras, smartphone photography, and social media platforms like Instagram transformed how people take and share pictures.
Kodak (failed to adapt) – Filed for bankruptcy after failing to embrace digital early enough.
Canon – Transitioned successfully into digital cameras and imaging.
Apple – Revolutionized photography with high-quality smartphone cameras.

7. Brick-and-Mortar Retail → E-Commerce & Online Marketplaces

Death: Large department stores and shopping malls saw a decline due to the rise of online shopping.
Rebirth: Amazon, Shopify, and direct-to-consumer brands reshaped retail with fast shipping, subscription models, and targeted ads.
Amazon – Became the dominant online retailer and logistics powerhouse.
Shopify – Empowered small businesses to create e-commerce stores.
Alibaba – Led China’s e-commerce revolution with B2B and consumer marketplaces.

8. Coal Mining → Renewable Energy Industry

Death: Coal use declined due to environmental concerns and cleaner energy sources.
Rebirth: The renewable energy sector (solar, wind, battery storage) has seen massive growth, supported by technological advancements and policy shifts.
Tesla (SolarCity) – Expanded into solar energy and battery storage.
NextEra Energy – Became the world’s largest producer of wind and solar energy.
Vestas – A global leader in wind turbine production.

9. Landline Telephones → Mobile Phones & Smartphones

Death: Landlines became nearly obsolete as mobile phones became the primary communication tool.
Rebirth: The smartphone industry expanded into mobile apps, social networking, and mobile payments, creating new economic ecosystems.
Apple – Revolutionized the industry with the iPhone.
Samsung – Became a global smartphone leader with Android devices.
Nokia (failed to adapt) – Lost dominance after failing to compete in the smartphone era.

10. Printed Maps → GPS & Navigation Apps

Death: Physical maps and standalone GPS devices lost relevance.
Rebirth: Google Maps, Waze, and Apple Maps transformed how people navigate, integrating AI, real-time traffic, and local business discovery.
Google Maps – Set the standard for mobile navigation and local search.
Waze – Crowdsourced traffic data for real-time updates.
Garmin – Shifted from GPS devices to software integrations and fitness wearables.

11. Cable TV → Subscription-Based & Ad-Supported Streaming

Death: Traditional cable TV subscriptions declined due to expensive bundles and inflexibility.
Rebirth: Subscription-based and ad-supported streaming services (HBO Max, Netflix, YouTube) revolutionized how content is delivered and consumed.
Netflix – Led the charge in streaming, replacing traditional cable TV.
YouTube – Dominated user-generated and ad-supported content.
HBO Max – Transitioned premium cable content into a streaming model.

12. Traditional Banking → FinTech & Crypto

Death: Traditional banking, with its slow processes and fees, became less attractive.
Rebirth: FinTech startups, digital banking (like Revolut & Chime), and cryptocurrency platforms (like Bitcoin, Ethereum) disrupted the financial industry.
PayPal – Pioneered online payments and digital wallets.
Square (Block, Inc.) – Revolutionized small business payments and finance.
Coinbase – Brought cryptocurrency trading to mainstream users.

13. Malls & Shopping Centers → Warehousing & Fulfillment Centers

Death: Malls have been closing due to the decline in in-person shopping.
Rebirth: Many former mall spaces have been repurposed into fulfillment centers for online retailers or entertainment hubs.
Amazon (Fulfillment Centers) – Converted former malls into high-speed distribution hubs.
Prologis – Specializes in logistics real estate for e-commerce companies.
Walmart – Repurposed physical stores into fulfillment centers for online orders.

14. Fax Machines → Cloud-Based Communication

Death: Fax machines lost relevance with the rise of email, instant messaging, and document-sharing platforms.
Rebirth: Cloud-based tools like Slack, Zoom, and Google Drive replaced traditional office communication methods.
Slack – Reinvented workplace communication with instant messaging and integrations.
Zoom – Made video calls the norm for businesses and individuals.
Dropbox – Provided cloud-based document storage and sharing.

15. Print Advertising → Social Media & Influencer Marketing

Death: Newspapers and magazines, once advertising powerhouses, declined as people moved online.
Rebirth: Social media advertising and influencer marketing (Instagram, TikTok, YouTube) have become dominant forms of digital advertising.
Facebook (Meta) – Built a billion-dollar ad business through targeted social ads.
Instagram – Created the influencer marketing industry.
TikTok – Transformed short-form video content into a new form of digital advertising.